During the COVID-19 pandemic, state governments ordered “non-essential” businesses to close their buildings, which led many businesses to adopt a work-from-home structure. While the country has now reopened due to the distribution of the vaccine, plenty of workplaces have kept that structure in place. In fact, around 20% of all professional jobs were remote as of the beginning of 2022.
While more and more businesses are embracing work-from-home positions, people who are allowed to work from home may not always have the best environment for doing so. The best work-from-home conditions include low costs, reasonable comfort and a high level of security.
Exactly how easy it is to work remotely may depend on where you live. In order to find out the states that provide the best conditions for working from home, WalletHub compared the 50 states and the District of Columbia across 12 key metrics. Our data set ranges from the share of workers working from home to internet cost and cybersecurity. We also considered factors like how large and how crowded homes are in the state.
Main Findings
Best States for Remote Work
|
Overall Rank |
State |
Total Score |
Work Environment |
Living Environment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | New Jersey | 66.75 | 5 | 11 |
| 2 | District of Columbia | 64.29 | 1 | 50 |
| 3 | Delaware | 64.03 | 2 | 38 |
| 4 | Connecticut | 62.18 | 12 | 24 |
| 5 | Massachusetts | 61.87 | 3 | 44 |
| 6 | Utah | 61.87 | 6 | 27 |
| 7 | Texas | 61.59 | 15 | 1 |
| 8 | Washington | 61.57 | 11 | 19 |
| 9 | Maryland | 61.48 | 4 | 41 |
| 10 | New York | 61.11 | 22 | 5 |
| 11 | Tennessee | 60.31 | 19 | 2 |
| 12 | Georgia | 60.06 | 27 | 3 |
| 13 | Virginia | 59.86 | 8 | 22 |
| 14 | Arizona | 59.65 | 9 | 23 |
| 15 | Nevada | 59.63 | 17 | 7 |
| 16 | California | 59.54 | 14 | 16 |
| 17 | North Carolina | 59.53 | 16 | 26 |
| 18 | Florida | 59.50 | 20 | 9 |
| 19 | Rhode Island | 59.38 | 38 | 25 |
| 20 | Ohio | 59.36 | 21 | 12 |
| 21 | Oregon | 58.71 | 25 | 29 |
| 22 | Pennsylvania | 58.64 | 7 | 46 |
| 23 | Minnesota | 58.52 | 13 | 33 |
| 24 | Wisconsin | 57.22 | 24 | 31 |
| 25 | New Hampshire | 57.21 | 28 | 47 |
| 26 | Illinois | 56.90 | 18 | 32 |
| 27 | Michigan | 56.03 | 29 | 34 |
| 28 | Indiana | 55.94 | 26 | 10 |
| 29 | Colorado | 55.42 | 10 | 45 |
| 30 | Kentucky | 55.21 | 23 | 36 |
| 31 | Nebraska | 55.09 | 47 | 8 |
| 32 | Kansas | 54.96 | 34 | 18 |
| 33 | Alabama | 54.94 | 31 | 4 |
| 34 | Louisiana | 54.80 | 30 | 6 |
| 35 | South Carolina | 54.50 | 36 | 15 |
| 36 | South Dakota | 53.92 | 45 | 28 |
| 37 | Idaho | 53.72 | 37 | 21 |
| 38 | Missouri | 51.74 | 33 | 20 |
| 39 | Maine | 51.73 | 32 | 48 |
| 40 | Iowa | 51.20 | 39 | 40 |
| 41 | Vermont | 51.03 | 44 | 43 |
| 42 | West Virginia | 49.43 | 35 | 37 |
| 43 | New Mexico | 49.14 | 41 | 35 |
| 44 | Hawaii | 47.87 | 46 | 51 |
| 45 | Wyoming | 47.45 | 48 | 42 |
| 46 | Oklahoma | 47.15 | 40 | 39 |
| 47 | Arkansas | 46.75 | 43 | 17 |
| 48 | North Dakota | 46.59 | 51 | 14 |
| 49 | Montana | 45.54 | 49 | 30 |
| 50 | Mississippi | 43.79 | 42 | 13 |
| 51 | Alaska | 34.74 | 50 | 49 |
Note: With the exception of “Total Score,” all of the columns in the table above depict the relative rank of that state, where a rank of 1 represents the best conditions for that metric category.
Ask the Experts
Working from home not only keeps people safe, but it also spares jobs that might have otherwise been lost. For more insight on the topic, we turned to a panel of experts. Click on the experts below to read their bios and responses to the following key questions:
- What is the work from home outlook for 2022 and beyond?
- Should companies invest more of their resources in establishing a functional work from home alternative for their employees? Will remote jobs be as easy to come by after the Coronavirus crisis has ended?
- What are the most important advantages and disadvantages of working from home?
- According to research, more than half of workers would continue to telework even after the pandemic. How has it changed the way Americans work?
- In evaluating the best work from home infrastructure, what are the top 3 indicators?
Ask the Experts
Ph.D. – Co-Chair, Department of Sociology, Associate Professor of Sociology – Widener University
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Joseph A. Meek Professor of Economics (Emeritus) – Ohio Wesleyan University
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Ph.D. – Associate Professor of Management, George Johnson Research Fellow; Interim Director, Center for Workplace Diversity and Inclusion – The University of Memphis, Department of Management
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Ph.D., MBA – Chair, University Faculty Council (2021-2022 AY), Past-President, UT Martin Faculty Senate (2021-2022 AY), Professor of Behavioral Management, College of Business and Global Affairs – University of Tennessee at Martin
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J.D., LL.M., J.S.D. – Professor of Law – California Western School of Law
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Methodology
In order to identify the best states for working from home, WalletHub compared the 50 states and the District of Columbia across two key dimensions, “Work Environment” and “Living Environment.”
We evaluated those dimensions using 12 relevant metrics, which are listed below with their corresponding weights. Each metric was graded on a 100-point scale, with a score of 100 representing the best infrastructure.
We then determined each state and the District’s weighted average across all metrics to calculate its overall score and used the resulting scores to rank-order our sample.
Work Environment - Total Points: 60
- Share of Workers Working from Home: Triple Weight (~22.50 Points)
- Share of Potential Telecommuters: Double Weight (~15.00 Points)
Note: Potential telecommuters are considered to be those in occupations classified as conducive to telecommuting: executive, administrative, managerial; professional specialty; technicians and related; sales; and administrative support. - Households’ Internet Access: Double Weight (~15.00 Points)
Note: This composite metric measures both the share of households with a broadband subscription and the share of households with access to broadband speeds greater than 25 Mbps. - Cybersecurity: Full Weight (~7.50 Points)
Note: This composite metric measures the number of internet crime victims per capita, the average amount lost as a result of internet crime and the cybersecurity risk index.
Living Environment - Total Points: 40
- Average Retail Price of Electricity: Full Weight (~4.21 Points)
- Access to Low-priced Internet Plan: Full Weight (~4.21 Points)
Note: This metrics refers to low-priced broadband plans and it is a composite metric that includes:- Cable
- DSL
- Fiber
- Internet Cost: Double Weight (~8.42 Points)
Note: This metrics refers to the price per MBPS and it is a composite metric that includes:- Cable
- DSL
- Fiber
- Median Square Footage per Average Number of Persons in a Household: Double Weight (~8.42 Points)
- Share of Detached Housing Units: Full Weight (~4.21 Points)
- Average Home Square Footage: Full Weight (~4.21 Points)
- Share of for Sale Homes with Lot Greater than 1,000 Square Feet: Half Weight (~2.11 Points)
- Share of for Sale Homes with Swimming Pool: Full Weight (~4.21 Points)
Sources: Data used to create this ranking were collected from U.S. Census Bureau, Global Workplace Analytics, HighSpeedInternet.com, Internet Crime Complaint Center, Wakefield Research, U.S. Energy Information Administration, BroadbandNow, Homes.com and Zillow.