Best & Worst States to Drive in

Adam McCann , Financial WriterJan 21, 2020

Adam McCann , Financial Writer
Jan 21, 2020

Everyone hates being stuck in traffic. It makes you late, and causes many people’s tempers to flare up. But it’s also quite bad for your wallet – in fact, congestion cost U.S. drivers $87 billion in 2018, as well as an average of 97 hours of their time. The U.S. also has three out of the world’s 25 worst cities for traffic, and 18 of the worst 25 in North America.

Congestion isn’t the only concern on the road, though. People want to know that they will be driving on safe, well-maintained roads before heading out. The U.S. has a fairly good track record in these regards, but certainly doesn’t top the list. For example, the World Economics Forum only places the U.S. at rank 17 of 141 when it comes to road quality.

Road conditions naturally aren’t consistent across the entire country. To identify the states with the most positive driving experiences, WalletHub compared all 50 states across 31 key indicators of a positive commute. Our data set ranges from average gas prices to share of rush-hour traffic congestion to road quality. Read on for the results, additional commentary from a panel of experts, and a full description of our methodology.

1Main Findings 2Ask the Experts

3Methodology

Main Findings

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Best & Worst Driving States

Overall Rank (1 = Best)	State	Total Score	‘Cost of Ownership & Maintenance’ Rank	‘Traffic & Infrastructure’ Rank	‘Safety’ Rank	‘Access to Vehicles & Maintenance’ Rank
1	Iowa	64.44	9	8	31	22
2	Tennessee	63.43	1	22	35	20
3	North Carolina	62.85	8	29	21	11
4	Texas	62.51	20	41	13	2
5	Nebraska	61.89	13	7	34	32
6	Georgia	61.76	5	36	30	8
7	Virginia	61.57	2	37	32	14
8	Indiana	61.38	4	18	41	19
9	Arkansas	61.02	16	4	36	36
10	Alabama	60.82	7	14	43	25
11	Kansas	60.64	17	6	42	30
12	Kentucky	60.61	10	23	23	31
13	Illinois	60.04	35	31	7	5
14	Wisconsin	59.65	14	16	44	18
15	Florida	59.47	25	45	27	3
16	Oregon	59.33	41	12	10	23
17	Idaho	59.20	32	2	22	45
18	Louisiana	59.13	28	20	11	28
19	New York	58.75	46	38	3	4
20	Oklahoma	58.70	26	13	28	29
21	Mississippi	58.42	11	11	46	37
22	Ohio	58.22	21	26	39	7
23	New Mexico	57.79	27	3	38	44
24	South Carolina	57.57	3	25	45	27
25	Missouri	56.84	6	28	49	10
26	Maine	56.67	23	33	16	35
27	Minnesota	56.59	29	32	20	21
28	North Dakota	56.44	22	10	40	48
29	South Dakota	56.42	12	9	48	41
30	Utah	56.32	36	15	18	33
31	Arizona	55.90	37	19	24	26
32	Michigan	55.87	38	27	26	12
33	Pennsylvania	55.78	40	30	33	6
34	Delaware	55.40	15	42	15	49
35	Massachusetts	55.38	42	50	1	9
36	Vermont	55.28	33	24	14	34
37	Nevada	54.83	45	21	5	38
38	New Hampshire	54.67	24	44	12	40
39	Wyoming	54.63	30	1	47	47
40	Connecticut	54.60	47	34	2	24
41	Montana	54.58	18	5	50	43
42	Alaska	53.89	34	17	17	50
43	New Jersey	53.09	39	48	9	15
44	West Virginia	52.90	19	39	37	42
45	Maryland	51.80	31	49	25	17
46	Colorado	51.80	43	40	29	16
47	California	50.61	49	46	4	1
48	Washington	50.05	48	35	19	13
49	Rhode Island	49.75	44	47	6	46
50	Hawaii	38.77	50	43	8	39

Ask the Experts

Future improvements to the safety, condition and congestion of roads rely on cooperation between drivers, lawmakers and private industry. With that in mind, we asked the following key questions to a panel of experts. Click on the profiles below to read the experts’ bios and see their answers.

What tips do you have for keeping car ownership costs low?
Should states offer tax or other incentives to encourage people to purchase electric vehicles? What else can states do to support the use of low-emissions vehicles (e.g. building charging stations for electric vehicles)?
In your opinion, when will self-driving cars be readily available? What are the regulatory or policy issues?
How can states reduce the number of traffic fatalities?
Which are some efficient steps that state authorities can take to improve the quality of roads and bridges?

Ask the Experts

: Alain Kornhauser
Professor, Princeton University
Read More

: Eleftheria Kontou
Assistant Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Read More

: Giancarlo (John C) Falcocchio
Ph.D., P.E. – Professor, Transportation Planning & Engineering, Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering
Read More

Methodology

To help drivers identify the states that provide the best commuting conditions, WalletHub compared the 50 states across four key dimensions: 1) Cost of Ownership & Maintenance, 2) Traffic & Infrastructure, 3) Safety and 4) Access to Vehicles & Maintenance.

We evaluated those dimensions using 31 relevant metrics, which are listed below with their corresponding weights. Each metric was graded on a 100-point scale, with a score of 100 representing the best for drivers.

Finally, we determined each state’s weighted average across all metrics to calculate its overall score and used the following scores to rank-order our sample.

For metrics marked with an asterisk (*), the square root of the population was used to calculate the population size in order to avoid overcompensating for minor differences across states.

Cost of Ownership & Maintenance – Total Points: 30

Average Gas Prices: Triple Weight (~12.86 Points)
Average Annual Car Insurance Premium: Full Weight (~4.29 Points)
Auto-Maintenance Costs: Double Weight (~8.57 Points)
Total Extra Vehicle Operating Costs per Driver: Full Weight (~4.29 Points)
Note: Additional vehicle operating costs (VOC) are the “result of driving on roads in need of repair, lost time and fuel due to congestion-related delays, and the costs of traffic crashes in which roadway features likely were a contributing factor”, according to transportation research firm TRIP.

Traffic & Infrastructure – Total Points: 30

Share of Rush-Hour Traffic Congestion: Double Weight (~6.00 Points)
Note: This metric refers to the share of urban interstates experiencing congestion during peak hours.
Increase in Vehicle Travel on Highways (2017 vs. 2000): Half Weight (~1.50 Points)
Number of Days with Precipitation: Full Weight (~3.00 Points)
Number of Icy Days: Full Weight (~3.00 Points)
Note: This metric measures the mean number of days with a minimum temperature of 32 degrees F or lower.
Number of Strong Wind & Hail Storms Reports: Full Weight (~3.00 Points)
Average Commute Time by Car (in Minutes): Double Weight (~6.00 Points)
Road Quality: Full Weight (~3.00 Points)
Bridge Quality: Half Weight (~1.50 Points)
Roadway Miles per 1,000 Persons: Full Weight (~3.00 Points)

Safety – Total Points: 30

Traffic Indiscipline: Full Weight (~2.73 Points)
Note: This is a composite metric that measures incidents due to poor behavior: phone use, speeding, aggressive acceleration, harsh braking, and poor turning.
Share of Adults Who Always or Nearly Always Wear a Seatbelt: Full Weight (~2.73 Points)
Traffic Fatality Rate: Full Weight (~2.73 Points)
Change in Traffic Fatality Rate (2017 vs. 2016): Full Weight (~2.73 Points)
Car Theft Rate: Full Weight (~2.73 Points)
Larceny Rate: Full Weight (~2.73 Points)
Strictness of DUI Punishment: Half Weight (~1.36 Points)
Note: This metric is based on WalletHub’s “Strictest & Most Lenient States on DUI” ranking.
Strictness of High-Risk Driving: Full Weight (~2.73 Points)
Note: This metric is based on WalletHub’s “States with the Highest & Lowest Insurance Premium Penalties for High-Risk Drivers” ranking.
Driving-Laws Rating: Half Weight (~1.36 Points)
Share of Uninsured Drivers: Full Weight (~2.73 Points)
Likelihood of Collision with Deer: Full Weight (~2.73 Points)
Animal Loss Claims per Total Number of Drivers: Full Weight (~2.73 Points)

Access to Vehicles & Maintenance – Total Points: 10

Car Dealerships per Capita*: Full Weight (~1.67 Points)
Auto-Repair Shops per Capita*: Full Weight (~1.67 Points)
Car Washes per Capita*: Full Weight (~1.67 Points)
Gas Stations per Capita*: Full Weight (~1.67 Points)
Alternative Fuel Stations per Capita*: Full Weight (~1.67 Points)
Parking Lots and Garages per Capita*: Full Weight (~1.67 Points)

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Sources: Data used to create this ranking were collected from the U.S. Census Bureau, Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Energy, Council for Community and Economic Research, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, The Insurance Research Council, National Insurance Crime Bureau, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety, National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Prediction Center, American Automobile Association, The Road Information Program, Federal Highway Administration, QuinStreet Insurance Agency, EverQuote and WalletHub research.

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