Do you need PIP if you have health insurance?

There are 12 no-fault states for car insurance: Florida, Hawaii, Kansas, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, and Utah. In these no-fault states, each driver’s car insurance provider pays their medical claims after an accident regardless of who was at fault.

No-Fault Insurance States

• Florida
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• Hawaii
• Kansas
• Kentucky
• Massachusetts
• Michigan
• Minnesota
• New Jersey
• New York
• North Dakota
• Pennsylvania
• Utah

A no-fault insurance system limits the ability of drivers and passengers to sue for additional compensation. Drivers in no-fault states can sue for injuries only if they are determined to be “severe” – the legal definition of which varies from state to state. No-fault rules only apply to injuries, however. Property damage claims in no-fault states are still paid by the at-fault driver’s liability insurance.

Special Types of No-Fault States

"Choice" No-Fault States

• Kentucky
• New Jersey
• Pennsylvania

Of the 12 “pure” no-fault states, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Kentucky are the only ones that give drivers an option to choose between buying a no-fault insurance policy and a traditional auto liability insurance policy.

"Add-on" No-Fault States

• Arkansas
• Delaware
• District of Columbia
• Maryland
• Oregon
• South Dakota
• Texas
• Virginia
• Washington

Besides the 12 no-fault states, some “add-on” states have auto liability insurance laws that are a blend of the no-fault and at-fault insurance systems. These add-on states are not considered to be true no-fault states by the Insurance Information Institute because they do not restrict or place limits on a driver’s right to sue for additional compensation.

Finally, at-fault states follow a tort system, which assigns responsibility for an accident to a driver or drivers. At-fault states also allow injured parties to sue negligent drivers for injuries, as well as pain and suffering, without restrictions. Most U.S. states are at-fault states.

Insurance Rates in No-Fault States

Drivers who live in one of the 12 no-fault insurance states can expect to pay more for auto insurance than those in at-fault states. Insurance fraud is more common in no-fault states, given that claims are paid regardless of who was at fault, providing an incentive for some individuals to exaggerate the extent of their injuries. Those heightened rates of fraud, combined with mandatory PIP insurance, raise costs for auto insurers, which are passed on to consumers.

It should be no surprise that the three most expensive states in WalletHub’s Cheap Car Insurance Study – Michigan, New York, and New Jersey – are all no-fault states. So if you live in a no-fault state or will be moving to one, be sure to compare quotes so that you can get an auto insurance policy that fits your needs and your budget.

The difference between medical payments coverage (MedPay) and PIP (personal injury protection) is that PIP covers both medical bills and non-medical expenses after an accident, like loss of income and childcare. By comparison, MedPay insurance only applies to direct medical costs and funeral expenses. Both types of insurance cover the policyholder and their passengers after any car accident, regardless of fault.... read full answer

Medical Payments vs. PIP Insurance Coverage

Your ability to choose between PIP and MedPay depends mostly on your state. For example, just over half the states offer MedPay only, while other states allow you to purchase both types of coverage.

In states that offer both PIP and MedPay, you should consider purchasing them together. Even though they offer similar coverage, MedPay can cover deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance that come with PIP, so the two can complement each other.

To learn more, check out WalletHub’s guides to medical payments coverage and personal injury protection.